Article

Nutrition Screening and Counseling in Adults With Lung Cancer

Susan S. Moreland

lung cancer, lung neoplasms, nutrition
CJON 2010, 14(5), 609-614. DOI: 10.1188/10.CJON.609-614

Maintenance of adequate nutrition is an integral component of the cancer treatment process. Numerous factors should be considered when evaluating the nutritional status of patients with cancer. A systematic review of the literature revealed the importance of nutrition interventions in patients with cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy. Counseling in nutrition has been shown to improve quality of life, strengthen response to therapy, and increase survival. Lung cancer presents a significant risk as the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in the United States. In addition, nutritional deficiencies are experienced by most adults with lung cancer during the course of their disease and treatment. The deficiencies compound the cost of treatment and also increase morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Further study of nutritional interventions is needed to promote better outcomes and quality of life in patients with lung cancer.

Jump to a section

    References

    Adams, L. A., Shepard, N., Caruso, R. A., Norling, M. J., Belansky, H., & Cunningham, R. S. (2009). Putting Evidence Into Practice: Evidence-based interventions to prevent and manage anorexia. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 13, 95-102. doi: 10.1188/09.CJON.95-102
    Andreyev, H. J., Norman, A. R., Oates, J., & Cunningham, D. (1998). Why do patients with weight loss have a worse outcome when undergoing chemotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies? European Journal of Cancer, 34, 503-509. doi: 10.1016/S09598049(97)10090-9
    Bass, F. B., & Cox, R. H. (1995). The need for dietary counseling of cancer patients as indicated by nutrient and supplement intake. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 95, 1319-1321. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00346-0
    Bauer, J., & Capra, S. (2005). Nutrition intervention improves outcomes in patients with cancer cachexia receiving chemotherapy-A pilot study. Supportive Cancer Care, 13, 270-274. doi: 10.1007/s00520-004-0746-7
    Bauer, J., Capra, S., & Ferguson, M. (2002). Use of the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutrition assessment tool in patients with cancer. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56, 779-785. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601412
    Brown, J. K. (2002). A systematic review of the evidence on symptom management of cancer-related anorexia and cachexia. Oncology Nursing Forum, 29, 517-532. doi: 10.1188/02.ONF.517-532
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2007). Lung cancer statistics. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/lung/statistics/index.htm
    Dewys, W. D., Begg, C., Lavin, P. T., Band, P. R., Bennett, J. M., Bertino, J. R., … Tormey, D. C. (1980). Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. American Journal of Medicine, 69, 491-497. doi: 10.1016/S0149-2918(05)80001-3
    Esper, D. H., & Harb, W. A. (2005). The cancer cachexia syndrome: A review of metabolic and clinical manifestations. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 20, 369-376. doi: 10.1177/0115426505020004369
    Guigoz, Y., Vellas, B., & Garry, P. J. (1994). Mini-Nutritional Assessment: A practical assessment tool for grading the nutritional status of elderly patients. Facts and Research in Gerontology, 4(Suppl. 2), 15-59.
    Harvie, M. N., Campbell, I. T., Thatcher, N., & Baildam, A. (2003). Changes in body composition in men and women with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing chemotherapy. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 16, 323-326. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-277X.2003.00459.x
    Khalid, U., Spiro, A., Baldwin, C., Sharma, B., McGough, C., Norman, A. R., … Andryev, H. J. (2007). Symptoms and weight loss in patients with gastrointestinal and lung cancer at presentation. Supportive Care in Cancer, 15, 39-46. doi:10.1007/s00520006-0091-0
    McMahon, K., & Brown, J. K. (2000). Nutritional screening and assessment. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 16, 106-112. doi: 10.1053/on.2000.5549
    Molina, J. R., Yang, P., Cassivi, S. D., Schild, S. E., & Adjei, A. A. (2008). Non-small cell lung cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 83, 584-594. doi: 10.4065/83.5.584
    Newhouse, R. P., Dearholt, S. L., Poe, S. S., Pugh, L. C., & White, K. M. (2007). Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice model and guidelines. Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.
    Ottery, F. D. (1996). Definition of standardized nutritional assessment and interventional pathways in oncology. Nutrition, 12(1, Suppl.), S15-S19. doi: 10.1016/0899-9007(95)00067-4
    Ovesen, L., Allingstrup, L., Hannibal, J., Mortensen, E. L., & Hansen, O. P. (1993). Effect of dietary counseling on food intake, body weight, response rate, survival, and quality of life in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A prospective, randomized study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11, 2043-2049.
    Sarna, L., Lindsey, A. M., Dean, H., Brecht, M. L., & McCorkle, R. (1993). Nutritional intake, weight change, symptom distress, and functional status over time in adults with lung cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 20, 481-489.
    Shils, M. E. (1979). Principles of nutritional therapy. Cancer, 43(5, Suppl.), 2093-2102.
    Slaviero, K. A., Read, J. A., Clarke, S. J., & Rivory, L. P. (2003). Baseline nutritional assessment in advanced cancer patients receiving palliative chemotherapy. Nutrition and Cancer, 46, 148-157.
    Yang, P., Allen, M. S., & Aubry, M. C. (2005). Clinical features of 5,628 primary lung cancer patients: Experience at Mayo Clinic from 1997-2003. Chest, 128, 452-462. doi: 10.1378/chest.128.1.452