Cheema, B.S., Kilbreath, S.L., Fahey, P.P., Delaney, G.P., & Atlantis, E. (2014). Safety and efficacy of progressive resistance training in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 148, 249–268.
STUDY PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of progressive resistance training in patients with breast cancer with attention to effects on lymphedema
PHASE OF CARE: Multiple phases of care
For the five studies included in the meta-analysis (654 patients), the odds ratio for the incidence or exacerbation of lymphedema was 0.53 (95%, CI = 0.31–0.9). PRT did not change arm volume or patient-reported severity as shown by an analysis of standard mean differences. Five studies reported no adverse events, and other studies reported temporary muscle soreness or minor musculoskeletal injuries. There was no significant heterogeneity. PRT produced a small, nonsignificant improvement in quality of life (SMD = 0.17). Overall, PRT improved upper and lower body muscle strength. Ten studies used machines or free weights for training.
Progressive resistance training did not induce or exacerbate arm lymphedema in women with breast cancer, and it was not associated with any severe adverse events.
Some included studies were done in women without lymphedema, and the risk of development was not clear from data in this review.
The findings of this meta-analysis suggested that progressive resistance training is safe in women with breast cancer and does not induce or exacerbate arm lymphedema. Women do not need to avoid lifting weight to prevent the exacerbation of lymphedema.