Ueda, H., Shimono, C., Nishimura, T., Shimamoto, M., & Yamaue, H. (2014). Palonosetron exhibits higher total control rate compared to first-generation serotonin antagonists and improves appetite in delayed-phase chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 2, 375–379.
To compare the antiemetic efficacy of second-generation 5HT3 receptor antagonists (RAs) (i.e., palonosetron) with older 5HT3 RAs (i.e., granisetron, azasetron, ramosetron) for controlling acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in addition to their effects on patients’ appetites
In this study, 103 patients receiving various chemotherapy regimens with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) (four regimens) or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) (six regimens) were included. One 5HT3 RA (either granisetron, azasetron, ramosetron, or palonosetron) plus dexamethasone and/or aprepitant (a three-drug combination) was administered to 42 patients.
Prospective, comparative clinical trial
Palonosetron was more effective in controlling delayed CINV than other conventional 5HT3 RAs (i.e., granisetron). Palonosetron also was safe and was not associated with any severe adverse drug reactions.
Palonosetron was recommended as a 5HT3 RA over older 5HT3 RAs. The efficacy of palonosetron in the delayed phase was confirmed. In this study, patient appetite also improved.