Genetic Biomarkers: Implications of Increased Understanding and Identification in Lung Cancer Management

Background: In the management of lung cancer, molecular profiling of the tumor is pivotal to defining a personalized treatment plan and is recommended for each patient.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to provide an update on genomic testing in lung cancer and the associated targeted treatment options. In addition, emerging biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance are discussed.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the CINAHL^®, MEDLINE^®, and PubMed^® databases was performed.

Findings: Molecular tumor profiling has advanced treatment options for patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Knowledge about pathologic variants and inhibitory pathways have led to the development of targeted treatments for lung cancer. Based on a solid understanding of molecular biomarkers, testing protocols, testing results, and how biomarkers affect treatment decisions, nurses can best educate and support patients and family members as clinical care incorporates molecular profiling.