Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for women in sub-Saharan Africa. However, knowledge and practice of breast self-examination (BSE) remains low. This project examined if there is an association between BSE knowledge and practice in a cohort of 100 women in Oyo State, Nigeria. The mean BSE knowledge and practice scores were good. Ninety women performed monthly BSEs. There was no statistically significant association between BSE knowledge and practice.